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Papers relating to the life, work and family of Nora Beloff who worked for The Observer for over thirty years, from 1947-1978. Beloff developed an international reputation and as The Observer's political correspondent she was the first female political correspondent for a major British Newspaper. The first files in the collection contain a large series of press cuttings and dispatches of articles written by Beloff not only for The Observer but various other publications. The principal material that provides a biographical as well as professional account of Beloff's life is the series of correspondence that dates from 1941-1995. Much of the correspondence is written by Beloff to her family and offers a personal account of her daily life as a correspondent of The Observer, events she attended and individuals she met. The earliest of the files provide an account of her initial move into journalism and her start at The Observer as Paris and then Washington correspondent. The later correspondence includes letters to Beloff as well as from her. They include correspondence with mostly professional contacts dealing with matters related to work but also include more personal details such as the ownership and maintenance of her home. Also included within the series of correspondence is a file of letters written by her family and this provides a further insight into Beloff's background. The collection includes a file of photographs of Beloff and her family but these rarely include any accompanying notes that explain the date, location or identity of those photographed. A further file contains legal documents relating to the action Beloff took against Private Eye in the early 1970s over a libellous article written about her. This demonstrates the unpopularity her determination to get things done her way could provoke amongst her colleagues. It was a leaked internal memo Beloff wrote to The Observer staff that was connected to the copyright aspect of her case against Private Eye. The collection also includes some papers from the French Resistance during the second world war, it is not clear how these came be in Beloff's possession but it is likely she acquired them during her time in Paris. The final file of the collection contains a miscellaneous assortment of papers. Some of these relate to The Observer and include documents relating to the pension scheme and David Astor whereas others relate more directly to Beloff such as the plan included of a possible autobiography.

Administrative/Biographical history: Nora Beloff was born on 24 January 1919, into a family of Russian Jews who settled in London shortly before the first world war. Her father started an export business in the City of London trading in chemicals and sundry products.

Beloff read history at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. She joined the Political Intelligence Department of the Foreign Office (1941-1944) and was then sent to the British Embassy in Paris, (1944-1945). She then worked as a reporter for the Reuters News Agency in Paris (1945-1946) as well as at The Economist (1946-1948). During this period Beloff also did some freelance work for the Guardian.

Beloff joined The Observer in late 1947 and worked initially as Paris correspondent and later went on to cover other roles including Washington, Moscow, and Brussels (1948-1978). In Paris she defied brutal intimidation to report French torture during the Algerian War. Other controversial or sensitive issues pursued by Beloff during her career include: exposing Trotskyist infiltration of the Labour party, reporting on persecution in Georgia following a trip to the Soviet Union; and fighting the trade union closed shop for journalists. Beloff succeeded Hugh Massingham to work as The Observer's political correspondent, becoming the first female political correspondent of a national newspaper (1964-1976). She then worked as a roving correspondent (1976-1978) and left The Observer in 1978. Following her retirement Beloff was engaged in research on international responsibilities for the conflict in former Yugoslavia and wrote several books.

Nora Beloff died on 12 February 1997.

Press cuttings and typescripts of dispatches of articles written by Nora Beloff for The Observer and a variety of other publications. The earliest files provide press cuttings from Beloff's first work as Paris correspondent for The Observer and press cuttings from over two years work as the Washington correspondent. The files of press cuttings running from 1951-1958 cover her work when she returns to Paris still for The Observer. The press cuttings from 1959-1964 are from more varied locations, but Paris or London remained Beloff's base. This includes the file from 1962-1963 which was mostly written from Brussels and marked the period where Beloff's title for The Observer was Common Market correspondent. From 1964 Beloff worked as The Observer's political correspondent and consequently from this date most of her articles are written from Britain.

Series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 13 March 1948 to 27 June 1949. The articles from 1948 are mostly written from Paris and concern French political issues including: General de Gaulle; France's relationship with Russia; the French Communist party and French views on Western Germany. The articles from 1949 are mostly written from Washington where Beloff was US Correspondent for The Observer. Articles mostly concern American politics but articles also include details concerning US relations with Israel, Russia, China and the Middle East. Some of the articles are on the subject of the American economy with particular reference to farming and the price of wheat. Whilst most of the articles included in the series are written for The Observer some articles have been written for other publications including: the Liverpool Echo; the Sydney Morning Herald and Die Welt a German newspaper for which Beloff appears to be writing as a part of The Observer's foreign news service.

Press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 10 June 1949 to 30 December 1949. The articles are mostly written from Washington and are from the period when Beloff was Washington correspondent for The Observer. Some press cuttings in this series are written in German for German publications as a part of The Observer's foreign news service. The subject matter of the press cuttings covers the US economy in particular the trade and food supply and how this caused clashes with British interests. They also cover US relations with Russia, India, Asia, Greece and Japan. Articles relating to US politics concern the 'Fair Deal' social reform programme and communism in the US.

A series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff between 5 January 1950 and 31 December 1950. The articles are mostly written from Washington and are from the time when Beloff was Washington correspondent for The Observer. Whilst most of the articles are for The Observer there are also some articles written for other publications including: the Liverpool Echo, the Liverpool Daily Post, the Palestine Post, the Jerusalem Post, the New Zealand Herald, the Scotsman, the Western Independent and there are also articles written in German for German publications written as a part of The Observer's foreign news service. Articles discuss US politics including the 'Fair Deal' programme for social reform. The articles cover issues relating to the US economy including the threat of drought for farmers, the 'Marshall Plan' and clashes between US and British interests. In terms of international relations the articles concern US relations with the Far East, China, Britain, Korea, India as well as the United Nations and issues relating to nuclear testing and the H-bomb. There are also articles covering the introduction of television and the threat this may pose to the film industry and Hollywood. Several articles written by Beloff for The Observer are for a column called the 'Marginal Column'.

A series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 5 January 1952 to 22 December 1951. Most of the articles are written from Paris but there are also articles written from Brussels and Washington. Articles concern French politics including General de Gaulle, communism in France and events in Indochina. French relations with Russia, the Middle East and the United Nations are also covered. The Washington based articles include details of US relations with Russia, France, Germany and Japan. As well as articles written for The Observer the series includes press cuttings of articles written for the Scotsman, the Montreal Star and articles written in German for German publications as part of The Observer's foreign news service.

A series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 26 January 1952 and the 29 December 1952. The articles are mostly written from Paris and are from the period when Beloff was Paris correspondent of The Observer. Articles cover French politics including General de Gaulle, the French Premier Antoine Pinay and NATO. They also cover issues relating to the French economy particularly concerns over high prices and the cost of the war in Indochina. Some articles are written from Strasbourg and concern the European High Court. Whilst most of the articles are written for The Observer articles for other publications include the Liverpool Post, the Scotsman and the Hindustan Times (India).

A series of press cuttings and dispatches of articles written by Nora Beloff from 17 January 1952 to 29 December 1954. The articles are mostly written from Paris and are from the period when Beloff was Paris correspondent for The Observer. The subject of the articles mostly relate to France and French politics. Whilst most of the articles are written for The Observer some of the press cuttings are also from the Scotsman, the Economist, the Western Independent, the Liverpool Post, the Yorkshire Post and the Hindustan Times (India).

A series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 2 January 1953 to 31 January 1954. The articles are mostly written from Paris and are from the period when Beloff was Paris correspondent of The Observer. The subject of the articles covers French international relations and the United Nations. Also covered are French politics and plans to reform the French constitution. Some articles are written from Athens and concern Greece. Whilst most of the articles are written for The Observer articles for other publications include the Liverpool Post, the Scotsman, the New Zealand Herald and the Jerusalem Post.

A series of press cuttings of articles written by Nora Beloff from 2 January 1957 to 14 May 1957. Most of the articles are written from Paris for The Observer but there are also some articles for the Scotsman and the New Zealand Herald. Articles concern the Anglo-French entente cordial. Details of the visit of the British Queen Elizabeth II to Paris are given. Articles on the subject of French politics include communism in France and French relations with Algeria. There are also articles on the French economy and these cover a lowering of living standards in France and the French car industry.