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Picture library files for personalities beginning with A
OBS/6/9/2/6/A · Sub-series · c1950-c2000
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Files of prints of the following individuals:

Box 1
Abbado, Claudio (Portrait by Richard Mildenhall)
Abel, Fred
Abel-Smith, Tim
Abbot, David
Abbott, Diane*
Abdullahi, Yusef
Abramsky, Jenny
Acker, Kathy
Ackland, Joss
Ackroyd, Elizabeth
Ackroyd, Peter
A'Court, Robert Holmes
Acton, David
Acton, Harold
Adam, Robert
Adamov, Arther
Adams, Douglas
Adams, Gerry
Adams, John
Adams, John (Composer)
Adams, Ken
Adams, Richard
Adams, Sherman
Adams, Stanley
Adams, Tim
Adams, Walter
Adamson, Barry
Adamson, Campbell
Adamson, George and Joy
Adamson, Stephen
Adanauer, Konrad
Adi, Mustafa
Adie, Kate
Adler, Larry
Adorian, Paul
Adoula, Cyrille (Portrait by Michael Peto)
Afflek, Ben
Aga, Khan
Agee, Philip
Agis, Gaby
Agnew, Rudolph
Agnew, Spiro
Agguter, Jenny
Aherne, Caroline
Ahluwalia, Kiranjit
Ahmed, Sheikh Mubarak
Ahmed, Shami
Allvey, David
Anouk, Aimee
Airey, Dawn
Aisher, Owen
Aitchison, Jane
Aitken, Ian*
Aitken, Jonathan
Aitken, Maria
Ajeeb, Mohammed
Akass, Peter
Akbulut, Yaldrim
Akeroyd. Helen
Akhtar, Nasreen
Akora, Rosa
Aksyonov, Vassily
Akwei, Lovelace
al-Wazir, Intissar (Portrait by Sue Adler)
Alaia, Azzadine
Alami, Musa
Alarcon, Ricardo
Albee, Edward
Albemarle, Lady
Albery, Ian
Albery, Tim
Albright, Madeline
Alda, Alan
Alderton, John
Aldiss, Brian
Aldwin, Edwin (Buzz)
Alexander, Field Marshall Earl
Alexander, Lord
Alexander, Richard McNeill
Alexandrowicz, Anthony
Al-Fayed
Al-Gadafy, Col' Mu'Ammar
Alfreds, Mike
Ali, Tariq
Allday, Con
Alli, Waheed
Al-Khal, Yusuf
Allason, Rupert
Allaun, Frank
Allen, Dave
Allen, Jay
Allen, Liz
Allen, Louise (the murder of)
Allen, Woody
Allende, Beatrice
Alexander, Robert Lord
Alexander, William
Allenoe, Hortensia Bussi De
Allison, Herb
Allwood, John
Allwood, Mandy
Allin, John
Allman, Cher and Greg
Allnutt, Wendy
Almagor, Gila
Al-Mas'Ari, Mohammed (Including negs)
Almodovar, Pedro
Almond, Marc
Alonso, Alicia
Altenberg, General W.
Atkins, Eileen
Altman, Robert

Box 2:
Alton, David
Alton, Roger
Alvarez, Alfred
Alvin, Juliet
Alys, Francis
Ambler, Eric
Amery, Julian
Amess, David
Amiel, Barbara
Amiel, John
Amies, Hardy
Amin, Idi
Amin, Mohamed
Amis, Kingsley
Amis, Martin
Amma (Healer)
Amory, Lord
Amos, Tori
Amos, Valerie
Annan, Kofi
Ancram, Michael*
Anders, Alison
Anders, William
Anderson, Beverley
Anderson, Digby
Anderson, Eric
Anderson, Gerry
Anderson, Gillian
Anderson, John
Anderson, Laurie
Anderson, Lindsay
Anderson, Oliver
Anderson, Pamela
Anderson, Steve
Andre, Peter
Andersen, Bjorn
Anderton, James
Andress, Ursula
Andrews, Anthony
Andrews, Colin
Andrews, John
Andrews, Julie
Andrews, Michael
Angeli, Pier
Angell, Norman
Angelou, Maya
Angus, Michael
Angry Brigade
Annan, Kofi
Annan, Lord (Noel)
Annis, Francesca
Ant, Adam
Anthony, Lysette
Antoni and Alison
Antoni, Michelangelo
Antrim, Lord
Antrobus, John
Apicella, Enzo
Arquette, Patricia
Aquino, Corazon
Arafat, Yasser
Archer,Jeffrey
Arden, John
Arden, Mary (Judge)
Ardill, John
Ardagh, John
Argles, Martin
Aristakisyan, Artur
Arkin, Alan (Portrait by Ian Cook)
Arlott, John (Includes photography by Michael Peto)
Armani, Giorgio
Armitage, Simon
Armstrong, Gillian
Armstrong, Hilary
Armstrong, Louis
Armstrong, Neil

Box 3
Arnold, Eric
Arnold, Eve
Arnold, Sue
Arnott, Jake
Arrowsmith, Pat
Ascherson, Neal
Ashburton, Lord
Ashby, David
Ashcroft, David
Ashcroft, Denise
Ashcroft, Dame Peggy
Ashdown, Paddy
Ashkenazy, Vladimir (Portrait by Peter Hall)
Ashley, Bernard
Ashley, Laura
Ashley, Jackie
Ashimolowo, Matthew
Asher, Ed
Asher, Jane
Ashton, Frederick
Ashwell, Kneale
Aspel, Michael
Aspinall, John
Asprey, Mary
Assous, Fadela
Astaire, Fred
Astbury, Freddie
Astor, David
Astor, Nancy
Atkinson, Kate
Atkinson, Rowan
Attallah, Naim
Attali, Jacques
Attenborough, David*
Attenborough, Sir Richard
Attlee, Lord John (Portraits by Peter Keen and David Newell Smith)
Atwood, Margaret
Aubrey, John
Auden, Wystan Hugh
Augustus, John
Auerbach, Frank
Auster, Paul
Avebury, Lord
Avedon, Richard
Ayckbourn, Alan
Ayling, Robert
Aylott, Bill
Ayob, Ismail
Creator: The Observer Limited; Picture Desk; Observer Picture Library

Picture library files for personalities beginning with F
OBS/6/9/2/6/F · Sub-series · c1950-c2000
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Files of prints of the following individuals:

Box 1:
Faber, George
Faber, Toby
Fabian, Francoise
Fabius, Laurent
Fabre, Jan
Fadil, Saddigel
Fagan, Debbie
Fagan, Larry
Fagg, Christine
Faggioni, Piero
Fainberg, Victor (By Jane Bown)
Fainlight, Ruth
Fairbairn, Nicholas
Fairbairns, Zoe (By Jane Bown)
Fairbanks, Douglas
Fairchild, William
Fairfax, John
Fairground Attraction
Fairhall, David (Staff)
Fairhall, John (Staff)
Fairhurst, Austin
Fairlie, John (Staff)
Fairouz
Fairweather, Digby
Faith, Adam
Faith No More
Faithful, Simon
Faithfull, Marianne (Including sets by Don McCullin & Peter Johns)
Falaise, Nina (By Jane Bown)
Fallo, Louis (By Neil Libbert)
Falconer, Bonnie
Falkender, Baroness
Fall, The
Fallali, Oriana
Fallon, Michael
Falls, Robert
Falwell, Jerry
Fame, Georgie (Sets by Eamonn McCabe & Allan Titmuss)
Fanfani, Amintore
Fanshawe, David
Fanshawe, Simon
Fanthorpe, Reverend Lionel
Fanthorpe, U A
Fantoni, Barry (By Jane Bown & Chris Smith)
Fanu, Sir Michael
Faqih, Saad
Faraday, Dr Ann
Farah, Nuruddin
Farantouri, Maria
Farasani, Simon
Farhat, Naimat (By Jane Bown)
Faress, Souad
Fargas, Antonio ('Huggy Bear')
Farhi, Nicole (By Eamonn McCabe)
Farley, Paul (By Jane Bown)
Farman, Joseph
Farmelo, Dr Graham
Farmer, Philippe
Farmer, Tom (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fardon, Boy
Farr, John
Farrell, Charles
Farrell, J G
Farrell, Nicholas
Farrell, Terry****
Farrelly, Bros
Farren, Joy & Michael
Farrington, Baroness Josie **
Farrow, Mia (Including set of Mia Farrow and Peter Ustinov by Jane Bown)
Farson, Dan (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fassbaender, Brigitte
Fassett, Kaffe
Fassie, Brenda
Fast, Howard
Fatchett, Derek
Faulkner, Brian

Box 2:
Faulkner, Eric
Faulkner, Noel
Faulkner, Trader
Faulks, Sebastian
Faure, Edgar
Fawcett, Anthony
Fawcett, Charles,
Fawcett-Majors, Farah (By Tony McGrath)
Fawcett, Sir James
Fawcett, Robert
Fawkes, Sandy (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fawkes, Wally (By Jane Bown, Tony McGrath and John Hodder)
Fay, Gerad (Staff)
Fay, Monique
Fayed, Mohammed Al
Fazan, Eleanor
Fearoni, Ray (By Jane Bown)
Feast, Michael
Feather, Victor
Feather, Mr Yankel
Feaver, William (Staff)
Fedotov, Viktor
Feibusch, Hans
Feiffer, Jules (Including illustration by Jules Feiffer)
Feifer, Tanya
Feigal, Marcel
Feigin, Leo
Feinstein, Elaine
Feldman, Marty (Including sets by Jane Bown and Peter Johns)
Feldman, Sally
Fenley, Molissa
Fenn-Smith, Clive
Fenton, James
Fenton, John
Fenton, Norman
Fenton, Rose De Wend
Fenwick, Kate (By Jane Bown)
Fenwick, Millicent
Ferguson, Harry (Set by Jane Bown)
Ferguson, Howard
Ferguson, Major (By Jane Bown)
Ferlinghetti, Lance (By Don McCullin and Stuart Heydinger)
Fernandes, George
Fernandez, Pedro
Fernandez, Wilhelmenia
Ferneyhough, Brain
Ferragamo, Salvatore (All agency - one with Adrey Hepburn)
Ferrante, Frank
Ferrara, Abel
Ferrer, Austin (By Jane Bown)
Ferrer, Jose (Inclluding set by Jane Bown)
Ferrer, Mel (By Eric Wandsworth)
Ferri, Alessandra
Ferriman, Annabella (Staff)
Ferris, Paul (Staff)
Ferry, Bryan
Fettes, Christopher
Ferangcon-Davies, Gwen
Ffrench-Beytach, Rev Gonville
Fiander, Graham

Box 3:
Fiddes, Christopher
Fiddick, Peter (Staff)
Field, Ann
Field, Catherine (Staff)
Field, Frank
Field, Helen
Field, John
Field, Lesley
Field, Shirley Anne
Fielhouse, Sir John
Fielding, Amanda
Fielding, David
Fielding, Emma
Fielding, Fenella (By Jane Bown, Don Morely & Neil Libbert)
Fielding, Harold
Fields, Gracie
Fields, Randolph
Fields, Terry
Fiennes, Gerald
Fiennes, Jini
Fiennes, Joseph
Fiennes, Ralph (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fiennes, Sir Ranulph (Including set by Jane Bown)
Figes, Eva (Including set by Jane Bown)
Figes, Kate
Figgis, Mike (Including set by Jane Bown)
Filipovic, Zlata
Finch, Jon
Finch, Nigel
Finch, Peter
Findlater, Richard (Including set by Jane Bown)
Findley, Timothy
Fine, Anne
Finer, Leslie (London Observer Correspondent)
Fink, Margaret
Finkelstein, Danny
Finlay, Frank
Finlay, Jane
Finlayson, Alex
Finn, Alex
Finnbogadottir, Vigdis
Finnegan, Seamus
Finney, Pat
Finnisey, Michael (Set by Jane Bown)
Finney, Albert (Including set by Jane Bown, Nobby Clark and Marilyn Stafford)
Finniston, Sir Monty
Finnsson, Arni
Finsberg, Geoffrey
Firbank, Jand
Firbank, Ann
Firman, Bert
Firnberg, David
Firsova, Elena
Firth, Howard
First, Ruth (By Colin Jones)
Firth, Colin
Firth, Peter (By Jane Bown)

Box 4:
Fischer, Bobby (By Tony McGrath and Agency)
Fischer, Regina
Fischer, Tibor
Fischer, Zelda (By Jane Bown)
Fischer-Dieskau, Detrich
Fish, Michael
Fish, Michael
Fishburn, Dudley
Fisher, Dr (Archbishop of Canterbury) (By Michael Peto and Jane Bown)
Fisher, Alan
Fisher, Angela
Fisher, Anthony
Fisher, Bob (Staff)
Fisher, Carrie
Fisher, Dick
Fisher, Doris
Fisher, Dorothea
Fisher, Florence
Fisher, Gillian
Fisher, Gregor
Fisher, Ivan
Fisher, Judy (By Eamonn McCabe)
Fisher, June
Fisher, Lord (By Jane Bown)
Fisher, Martin
Fisher, Michael
Fisher, Mick
Felix, Julie
Fell, Robert
Feltus, Barbara
Feltz, Vanessa
Fenby, Eric
Fenby, Jonathan (Observer editor)
Ffrangcon Davies, Gwen
Fisher, Ruth (Staff)
Fiske, Alison (By Jane Bown)
Fiske, Lord (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fitt, Gerard
Fitzgerald, Charles
Fitzgerald, Ella (Including set by Jane Bown and David Sim)
Fitzgerald, Dr Garrett
Fitzgerald, Penelope (By Jane Bown)
Fitzgibbon, Constantine
Fitzpatrick, Jane
Fitzpatrick, John (Terence Higgins Trust)
Fitzpatrick, Paul (Staff)
Fitzsimmonds, Sheila (Staff)
Fiztsimmons, Angela (By Jane Bown)
Fitzsimon, Lorna
Fitzwilliams, Richard (By Eamonn McCabe and Gary Weazer)
Flach, Elizabeth
Flamma Sherman
Flanagan, Barry
Flanagan, Bud (Including set by Jane Bown)
Flanders, Michael
Flannery, Martin
Flannery, Peter
Flashman, Stan (By Jane Bown)
Flather, Baroness Shreela
Flava Fall
Fleet, Simon (Staff)
Fleetwood, David
Fleetwood, Susan
Fleetwood Mac
Fleischer, Richard
Fleming, Sir Alexander (Including Image by Karsh)
Fleming, Anne
Fleming, David
Fleming, Ian (Including set by Colin Jones)
Fleming, Jacky
Flesch, Colete
Fletcher, Alex
Fletcher, Bill

Box 5:
Fletcher, Ian
Fletcher, Jan
Fletcher, Leslie (By Nobby Clark)
Flett, Kathryn (Observer writer)
Flicker, Theodore J
Flier, Jaap
Flinders, Evelyn
Flint, Julie
Flockhart, Calista
Flood, Mick
Florakis, Harilaos
Florescu, Dr Rady
Flory, Sheldon
Flounders, Councillor Eric
Flowers, Angela
Flowers, Lord
Flowers, Mike
Floyd, John
Flynn, Laurie
Flynn, Paul ***
Fo, Dario
Foden, Giles (Staff)
Fodor, Eugene
Fogarty, Mary
Foges, Wolfgang
Fokine, Yuri
Foley, Charles (Staff)
Foley, Maurice
Foley, Maurice (Including illustration by Les Gibbard)
Follett, Barbara
Follett, Ken (Including set by Jane Bown)
Folley, Ellen
Follows, Dennis (By Don McCullin)
Fonda, Bridget
Fonda, Henry
Fonda, Jane
Fonfe, William Z (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fontana, Bill
Fonteyn, Margot (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fonteyn, Tibor (Sets by Jane Bown and Neil Libbert)
Fookes, Janet
Foot, Dingle (Including sets by Jane Bown and Colin Jones)
Foot, Jill (Wife of Michael)
Foot, Michael (1984)
Foot, Michael (1983)
Foot, Michael (Up to 1982)

Box 6:
Foot, Michael (General) (Including set by Jane Bown)
Foot, Oliver
Foot, Paul
Foot, Sarah
Forbes, Sir Archibald
Forbes, Bryan (Including set by Jane Bown)
Forbes, Deidre
Forbes, Leslie
Forbes, Malcom S
Forbes, Peter
Ford, Anna (Including set by Jane Bown)
Ford, Betty (By Frank Martin)
Ford, Chris (Staff)
Ford, Colin
Ford, David
Ford, Gerald
Ford, Henry (Including image by Karsh)
Ford, Martha
Ford, Mick
Ford, Peter
Ford, Peter (Observer correspondent)
Ford, Richard
Ford, Sir Sidney
Fordham, John
Fordham, Dr Michael
Forman, Freddie
Fores, Michael
Forester, Anthony Weld
Forgan, Liz
Forman, Sir Dennis (Set by Jane Bown)
Forman, Milos
Forrest, William
Forster, E M (Including sets by Cecil Beaton and Jane Bown, and agencies)
Forster, Margaret
Forster, Mark Arnold (Staff)
Forster, Robert
Forsyth, Bill
Forsyth, Bruce
Forsyth, Frederick (Including set by Jane Bown)
Forsyth, Michael
Fort, Matthew (Staff)
Forte, Lord Charles (Including sets by; Jane Bown, David Newell Smith, Bryn Campbell, Eamonn McCabe, Philip Janes Griffiths, Sue Adler, Robin Lawrence, Kenneth Saunders and Gary weazer)
Forte, Rocco (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fortenski, Larry
Forth, Eric (Set by Jane Bown)
Fortune, John
Foss, Lukas
Foster, Barry
Foster, Chris
Foster, Derek
Foster, Don
Foster, Dudley (Set by Bryn Campbell)
Foster, Giles
Foster, Jodoie (as an adolescent by Robin Lawrence)

Box 7:
Foster, John (Gen Sec NUJ)
Foster, Julia (Inlcuding sets by Nobby Clark, Colin Jones, Jane Bown, Tony McGrath and Bryn Campbell)
Foster, Lawrence
Foster, Mike
Foster, Norman (Including set by Jane Bown)
Foster, Peter
Foster, Roy (Set by Jane Bown)
Foulds, John (Including set by Jane Bown)
Foulkes, Frank (Set by Don McCullin)
Fountain, Alain
Fountain, Nigel (Staff)
Fountaine, Andrew (BNP) (Sets by Don McCullin and Tony McGrath)
Fouquel, Thierry
Fourmaintraux, Pierre
Fowle, Fred (By Nobby Clark)
Fowler, Connie May
Fowler, Henry
Fowler, Norman (Including sets by Jane Bown and Neil Libbert)
Fowles, John (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fowles, John
Fox, Angela (Set by Jane Bown)
Fox, Chris
Fox, Edward (Including sets by Jane Bown and Nobby Clark)
Figgy Fox (Rock Group)
Fox, Sir Murray (Lord Mayor of London)
Fox, Harry
Fox, James (Including sets by Jane Bown and Frank Martin)
Fox, Marcus
Fox, Paul (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fox, Philip (Set by Bryn Campbell)
Fox, Robert
Fox, Roger
Fox, Samantha (Set by Jane Bown)
Foxley-Norris, Sir Christopher (Set by Jane Bown)
Foyle, Mr (of Foyles)
Fraade, Richard & Robert (Set by Jane Bown)
Frame, Roddy
Frame, Ronald
Frances, Mother
Franceschi, Antonia (Set by Jane Bown)
Francis, Dick
Francis, Freddie
Francis, Mac
Francis, Tish
Francke, Lizzie
Franco, General (Set by Michael Peto and agency)
Francois, Claude
Frank, Melvin
Frank, Otto (Father of Anne)
Frankel, Gerald
Frankenburg, Charis Ursula
Frankenheimer, John
Frankland, Mark (Staff)
Franklin, Carl
Franklin, Douglas
Franklyn, William
Franks, Lord
Franks, Lynne
Franz, Denis
Fraser, Bill
Fraser, Sir Campbell (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fraser, Flora, Author
Fraser, 'Mad' Frankie
Fraser, George Macdonald
Fraser, Gilly (Set by Jane Bown)
Fraser, Honor

Box 8:
Fraser, Helen
Fraser, Sir Hugh (Icluding set by Jane Bown)
Fraser, Jean
Fraser, John (MP)
Fraser, John (Designer)
Fraser, Lady Antonia (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fraser, Lord (By Nobby Clark)
Fraser, Malcolm
Fraser, Matthew
Fraser, Sir Robert (Set by Jane Bown)
Fraser, Robert
Fraser, Ronald
Fraser, Simon (Including set by Jane Bown)
Frater, Alex (Staff)
Frankl, Clare
Frankland, Mark (Staff)
Frayan, Michael (Including sets by Jane Bown, Peter Keen and Colin Jones)
Frazier, Charles
Frears, Stephen
Frederick, Lynne
Freedland, Michael*
Freedman, Edward
Freedman, Chico
Freedman, Max (Staff)
Freeling, Nicholas
Freely, Maureen (Including set by Jane Bown)
Freeman, Alan
Freeman, David (Including set by Jane Bown)
Freeman, John
Freeman, Morgan
Freeman, Roger
Freeman, Ron
Freemantle, Brian
Freer, Mike
Freeson, reg
Freeth, Sir Gordon
Freeth, Martin
Frei, Eduardo
French, Albert (Set by Jane Bown)
French, Dawn (Including set by Jane Bown)
French, Marilyn
French, Philip (Set by Jane Bown)
French, Sean
French, Sid (By Nobby Clark)
French & Saunders
French, Vera
Frescabaldi, Baroness
Fretton, Tony
Freud, Bella
Freud, Clement (Including sets by Peter Keen and Jane Bown)
Freud, Emma
Freud, Esther (Including set by Jane Bown)
Freud, Lucian (Including set by Jane Bown and Cecil Beaton)
Fricke, Heinz
Friday, Nancy (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fried, Erich (Set by Jane Bown)
Friedan, Betty
Friedman, Kinky
Friedman, Maria
Friedman, Milton
Friedman, Yona

Box 9:
Friedrich, Gotz
Friel, Anna
Friel, Bryan (One neg included)
Friel, George
Friend, Bob
Friend, Rodney
Fries, Richard (Set by Jane Bown)
Frings, Cardinal J (By Karsh)
Frink, Elizabeth (Including set by Jane Bown and Ian Berry(Magnum))
Frisby, Terence
Frisch, Max
Frisell, Bill
Frith, Michael (Set by Jane Bown)
Frommer, Arthur
Front, Rebecca (Set by Jane Bown)
Frost, David (Including set by Don McCullin)
Frost, Robert (Including image by Karsh)
Frost, Sadie (Set by Jane Bown)
Frostrup, Mariella
Froud, Jonathan
Frow, Ben
Frow, Ruth & Edmond
Fry, Christopher (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fry, Martin
Fry, Peter
Fry, Richard (Staff)
Fry, Stephen (Including set by Jane Bown)
Fryer, Angela
Fryer, Judith
Fuchs, Sir Vivian
Fuente, Carlos
Fugard, Athol (Including set by Jane Bown, Sue Adler and David Newell Smith)
Fuji, Mieko (By Frank Martin)
Fujii, Nichidatsu
Fujuimori, Alberto
Fulani, Dr Leonora
Fuller, Emily
Fuller, Peter (Set by Jane Bown)
Fuller, Richard
Fuller, Roy (By Peter Johns and one image by Angus McBean)
Fuller, Sam
Fullerton, Fiona
Fun Loving Criminals
Funke, Cornelia (Set by Jane Bown)
Furbank, Prof P N (Set by Jane Bown)
Furlong, Monica
Furly, Lady Ran
Furman, James (By Andrew Testa)
Fussell, Paul
Fyfield, Frances (Set by Jane Bown)
Creator: The Observer Limited; Picture Desk; Observer Picture Library

Records of The Observer newspaper
OBS · Arquivo · 1907-

Records of the Observer newspaper, mainly dating from 1920s onwards. Includes: board minutes and papers; correspondence and subject files of managing directors; financial papers; staff files; correspondence and papers of Observer editors David Astor and Donald Trelford; picture desk prints and negatives; printing, circulation and distribution statements and television adverts.

Few documents relating to the Observer's early years are known to have survived and the majority of those that have survived remain within private collections. For example, the archive of JL Garvin (editor of the Observer 1908 - 1942) is held by the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas.

Administrative/Biographical history: As befits the oldest Sunday newspaper in the world, the history of the Observer is a volatile and varied one. The paper was founded in 1791 by WS Bourne on the simple premise that "the establishment of a Sunday newspaper would obtain him a rapid fortune"; within three years Bourne found himself £1,600 in debt. Though early editions of advertisements for the paper promised a paper "Unbiased by Prejudice - Uninfluenced by Party...Whose Principal is Independence", Bourne attempted to cut his losses and sell the title to the government. They declined.

In its first century, the Observer was in varying degrees a scurrilous gossip sheet, government propaganda rag and provocative thorn-in-the-side of the establishment. Throughout the nineteenth century, however, the paper's character changed and came to reflect the more sober morality of the age.

In 1820 proprietor William Innell Clement defied a government ban on reporting proceedings against the Cato Street conspirators, refused to appear in court and left a £500 fine unpaid. This victory for the freedom of the press became characteristic of the paper in future years, and was typical of the Observer as it developed a reputation for serious coverage of politics and literature.

Some glamour was restored to the title by Frederick Beer, who installed his wife Rachel (Siegfried Sassoon's aunt) as editor in 1891. Under her control the paper achieved one of its greatest exclusives: the admission by Count Esterhazy that he had forged the letters that condemned innocent Jewish officer Captain Dreyfus to Devil's Island. The story provoked an international outcry and led to the release and pardon of Dreyfus and court martial of Esterhazy. She was a remarkable woman - not content with running one national newspaper, she managed to combine editing the Observer with the same job at the Sunday Times.

When the Observer entered the twentieth century, the paper was owned for a brief time by Lord Northcliffe, who appointed JL Garvin to the editorship. Garvin was a maverick Tory who contrived to edit the paper almost exclusively via a special telephone line installed between the newspaper office and his luxurious house in Beaconsfield.

It was not until 1948 that the paper became genuinely free from political allegiance, when David Astor was made proprietor and editor. Astor turned the paper into a trust-owned non-party publication and helped to establish its reputation as the voice of post-war liberal Britain. During this period many famous writers were on the staff, including George Orwell, Conor Cruise O'Brien, and more infamously Kim Philby.

Between 1977 and 1993 the paper was owned by two large international companies, first Atlantic Richfield and then 'Tiny' Rowland's company Lonrho. A controversial period in the paper's history reached its climax with the bitter battle between Rowland and Mohamed Al Fayed for control of the department store Harrods. When the Department of Trade and Industry published a damning report into the conduct of Mr Fayed, editor Donald Trelford took the momentous decision to print a midweek edition of the paper.

The birth of the Independent and subsequently its sister title The Independent on Sunday increased the pressure on the Observer in what was an already crowded Sunday broadsheet market, and when it became clear that the paper was for sale a merger between the two Sunday titles was mooted. Faced with the acquisition of a natural ally by a major competitor, the Guardian Media Group acquired the Observer in 1993. As a result the Observer has been able to maintain its editorial independence, ensuring the continuation of the paper's long-standing tradition of liberal politics and independent journalism.

The Observer has continued its reputation for setting, rather than following the news agenda, breaking stories including exposing the cash-for-access scandal dubbed Lobbygate, and leading the way in covering of issues like GM foods and cloning.
Roger Alton, editor 1998-2007, defined the paper's stance in the context of a long and varied history: "The Observer is Britain's oldest Sunday newspaper and it has been making mischief, poking its nose where it shouldn't and reporting the best in arts, culture, politics, sport, business and skulduggery for over two hundred years. We aim to keep it that way and maintain its position as Britain's most exciting Sunday newspaper."

On 8 January 2006 The Observer relaunched in a Berliner format becoming the UK's only full colour Sunday newspaper, and in 2007 The Observer was named national newspaper of the year at the British Press Awards.

In January 2008 John Mulholland was appointed editor of the Observer, replacing Roger Alton who had edited the paper since 1998. At the end of 2008 The Observer moved from its home in Herbal Hill, Farringdon, to new offices shared with the Guardian in King's Cross.
Creator: Publishers of The Observer Limited, fl.1907-1910
Creator: The Observer Limited, 1917-1993
Creator: Guardian News & Media Limited, 1967-

Al-Fayed Harrods Dispute
OBS/1/1/4/1/14 · Documento · 20 August 1984-11 October 1989
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Documents relating to the dispute between the Al Fayed brothers and The Observer over the paper's calls for a Department of Trade and Industry inquiry into the purchase of Harrods.

File 1 includes press cuttings from various newspapers reporting the dispute, including those published by the Observer; notes by Derek Mitchell on the case; correspondence between the Independent Directors; copies of legal documents from the High Court of Justice for the case between the Al Fayeds and The Observer; publications; booklet entitled 'A fool and his money..' accounting the life of Mohamed Fayed; booklet regarding the case between Secretary of State for Trade and Industry and The Observer Limited & Lonrho PLC in the High Court of Justice; booklet entitled 'Sinking in corruption', and copies of letters sent by Francesca Pollard to Tiny Rowland.
Also includes list of names, addresses and telephone numbers of employees, Independent Directors and representative lawyers.

File 2 includes an account of Derek Mitchell on his experience of the publication of the special mid-week edition of The Observer (Thursday 30th March 1989); press cuttings from various newspapers covering the publication of the special issue and political fall-out afterwards; copy of the Special Edition and copies of Donald Trelford's affidavits to the Court of Appeal regarding the injunction against The Observer.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Sir Derek Mitchell

Miscellaneous board papers
OBS/6/1/1/2/1/4/1 · Documento · 1977-1993
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Found loose among other board papers.

Includes memoranda/notes from: Donald Trelford; Douglass Cater; John Cole; John Cornwell; Pat Ferguson; John Silverlight; Brian Nicholson; Jennie Beck; Nick Morrell; Stephen Pritchard; Jeremy Hunt; Alan Johnstone; Karen White; Brian Blelloch; Paul Bridges; Jess Watts; John Nuttall-Smith; Adam Raphael.

Subjects covered include: Aspen meeting 1978; autumn campaign 1988; strategy; perceptions of The Observer and its readers; production; sales; budgetry matters; salary reviews; tabloid research; management committee matters.

Also includes: lists of board lunch guests; pages from report on Mohamed Fayed; marketing plan from January 1988; paper on The Observer brand; 'A business plan for The Observer' meeting agendas, 15 December 1988 and 5 January 1989; forward planning meeting minutes and agendas, 12 January 1989; memorandum on editorial investment by Adrian Hamilton; note on editorial budget meeting, 3 April; list of retained contributors and staff, 1989; advertising ratio, February 1990; magazine schedule, May 1990; ABC figures, 1990 and January 1991; circulation report, February 1991; contributions summary, March 1992; management committee agenda papers, 28 October 1992; reader panel papers, 21 and 28 February 1993; circualtion report, 16 May 1993; letter from various members of staff disagreeing with editor's decision to publish Tiny Rowland's story; miscellaneous undated budgetry and other papers.
A small section of this file concerning staff salaries remains closed.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford

Individuals and organisations beginning with F
OBS/6/1/1/2/2/9/5 · Documento · 1983-1988
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Donald Trelford's correspondence with individuals and organisations beginning with F.

Correspondents include: Baroness Falkender, Mohamed Fayed, Ranulph Fiennes, Rodney Fitch, Michael Foot, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Paul Fox, William Frankel, Michael Frayn, Clement Freud.

Subjects covered: job applications, publication and serialisation of books, complaints about articles, suggestions for articles, corrections and clarifications, invitations to lunches, dinners and events.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford

Mohamed al-Fayad / Mark Thatcher case
OBS/6/1/1/2/2/10/1/9 · Documento · 1986-1988
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Correspondence and documents regarding contempt of court proceedings by Mohamed Fayad against The Observer and Donald Trelford following publication of story about Mark Thatcher's connection with the Sultan of Brunei and Mohamed Fayad. Also including press cuttings.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford

Observer / Lonrho relationship
OBS/6/1/1/2/2/10/1/13 · Documento · 1981-1993
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Donald Trelford's correspondence with or concerning Lonrho
Correspondents include: Donald Trelford, Tiny Rowland, David Astor, T J Robinson, Jack Lundin, Francesca Pollard

File 1:
Memorandum of Agreement between the Observer and Lonrho, the report of the Monopolies and Mergers Commission on the proposed merger between Lonrho Limited and House of Fraser (1981), Tiny Rowland's character and past, Lonrho News releases, invitations to meetings and lunches, NUJ motions, topics of articles, the Observer's editorial independence, circulation of the Observer, independent directors' statement in reply to the NUJ Chapel motion of June 7 1989.

Also includes: A print of Tiny Rowland at the Albert exhibition dated 14 December 1983, editor's report November 1981, a copy of The Media Reporter vol. 5.3 (1981) on 'Rowland at the Observer', internal audit report of the Observer April 1983, Opinion on the Memorandum of Agreement by Michael Hunt June 1989.

File 2:
Richard Hall's book 'My life with Tiny', job applications, requests for support and sponsorship, complaints about articles published in the Observer (including letter from Adnan Kahshoggi), Lonrho News Releases, the report of the Department of Trade and Industry on the acquisition of Harrods by the House of Fraser, Donald Trelford's complaints about articles on the Observer by other publications, copies of Tiny Rowland's correspondence regarding Mohamed Fayed and Harrods, the Observer's articles on various African countries such as Malawi and Kenya, the official opening of the Observer building at Chelsea Bridge House, Lonrho's sale of the Observer in 1993, Trelford's termination of employment.

Also includes: Follow up on May 1983 and July 1985 internal audit reports dated 26 August 1986, 'Pitch, pool, rink, ...court? Judicial review in the sporting world' by Michael J Beloff (1988).

File 3:
Monopolies and mergers commission including copy of evidence supplied by Conor Cruise O'Brien and submission by David Astor, research on Tiny Rowland's profile and history, complaint by Jack Lundin to Richard Hall regarding his portrayal in the book 'My Life with Tiny', and campaign against Tiny Rowland by Francesca Pollard.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford

Other documentation
OBS/6/1/1/2/3/2/7/3 · Documento · 1983-1996
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Documentation relating to the Fayed libel action against the Observer and the House of Lords investigation into Lonrho.

Includes House of Commons official report from Parliamentary Debates dated 18 June 1986; Lonrho report to the Department of Trade and Industry inspectors into the acquisition of House of Fraser by the Fayed brothers; House of Commons report on 'complaint concerning the alleged action of The Guardian newspaper in representing that a letter sent by it to the Ritz Hotel, Paris, was sent in the name of a member of this house'; statement by Roger Harrison to the press; various news releases and press notices from Lonrho and other sources; report to Lord Young from Tiny Rowland; report by Tiny Rowland entitled 'The Sultan and I by Mohamed Fayed'; historical appreciation of Tiny Rowland by Francesca Pollard; transcript of interview between Dr. Marwan and Mohamed Fayed; article transcripts; Lonrho newsletters sent to House of Fraser staff; estimate of valuation of the private and commercial resources of the Fayed family; transcript of interview between an Observer representative and Muhammed Salih Al Al-Zariouni; and a copy of the Department of Trade and Industry report into House of Fraser Holdings plc by Henry Brooke, QC and Hugh Aldous, FCA.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford

General Lonrho
OBS/6/1/1/2/5/5 · Documento · 1974-1992
Parte de Records of The Observer newspaper

Cuttings from a number of sources on a variety of Lonrho matters including Mohammed Fayad and Lonrho relationship, the sale of Harrods, Observer reporting on Department of Trade report into takeover of House of Fraser, resignation of Sir Edward du Cann, House of Lords Contempt proceedings, Tiny Rowland relations with Africa, Lonrho dealings in Libya, and Observer and Lonrho relationship. Also includes files containing cuttings submitted to the Department of Trade and Industry inspectors enquiring into the purchase of the House of Fraser plc.

Also includes the Observer special issue on Mohammed Fayad and purchase of Harrods and House of Fraser.
Creator: The Observer Limited; Editor's Office; Donald Trelford